Parallel translations
4 additional translations▾
Parallel translations
4 additional translationsASV
Out of whose womb came the ice? And the hoary frost of heaven, who hath gendered it?
WEB
From whose womb does the ice emerge? Who gives birth to the frost from heaven,
YLT
From whose belly came forth the ice? And the hoar-frost of the heavens, Who hath begotten it?
DBT
Out of whose womb cometh the ice? and the hoary frost of heaven, who bringeth it forth?
About this book
Old Testament▾
About this book
Old TestamentJob — The canonical wisdom-literature interrogation of undeserved suffering. A prose frame enclosing three cycles of dialogue, a late Elihu interrupt, and a whirlwind theophany that does not answer the question — it relativizes it.
- Author
- Anonymous. Talmudic tradition names Moses (Bava Batra 14b); internal features (patriarchal setting, no Mosaic Law reference, Job sacrificing as family head, *qesitah* currency of Gen 33:19) suggest patriarchal-era composition or at least tradition-origin.
- Date
- Traditional: patriarchal period, c. 2000–1800 BC. Critical proposals scatter across pre-exilic to post-exilic. §7.9 surfaces; Pastor Marc's drawer takes the position.